ocr: Finland's history has been closely linked with the com- peting interests of Sweden and Russia. la 1323 Treaty ofl Pahldinasaari. Finland part of Swedish Ringdom. a 1809 Treaty ofFredrilchamn, Sweden cedes Finland tol Russia. Finland becomes: a Grand Duchy enjoying considerable autonomy. a 1812 Helsinka becomes capital. a 1863 Finnish becomes an official language alongside Swedish. a 1865 Grand Duchy acquires its own monetary system. 01879 Conscription law lays the foundation: for a Finnish army. lE 1899 Tsar. Nicholas II1 begins process of Russification. Labor Party founded. a 1900 Gradual imp ...
